Final answer:
The outer layer of bones is made up of compact bone, while the bulk of the interior of long bones is composed of spongy bone. Compact bone provides strength and support, while spongy bone, with its porous structure, contains red marrow for blood cell production.
Step-by-step explanation:
The type of bone found in the outer layer of bones and the bulk of the interior of long bones is known as compact bone. This tissue forms the hard external layer of all bones and provides strength, protection, and support. The interior of many bones, particularly the ends of long bones known as epiphyses, is composed of spongy bone, also referred to as cancellous bone. Spongy bone is characterized by a porous, lighter structure due to its trabeculae, which are tiny, interconnecting plates that provide structural support. The central shaft, or diaphysis, of a long bone contains a hollow cavity filled with yellow marrow, while the epiphyses contain red marrow that is responsible for blood cell production.