Final answer:
Recall requires accessing information without cues, while recognition entails identifying previously learned information when encountered again. For recognition tests like multiple choice exams, advice includes practicing with tools like flashcards, whereas recall exams benefit from deeper engagement strategies like teaching the content.
Step-by-step explanation:
The key differences between recall and recognition relate to the way information is retrieved from one's memory. Recall requires retrieving information without cues, akin to answering an open-ended essay question. In contrast, recognition involves identifying previously learned information after encountering it again, such as when taking a multiple-choice test. The presence of cues in recognition tests typically makes them easier than recall tests.
When it comes to studying for and completing exams, especially multiple-choice ones, students should focus on advice that enhances recognition. This includes familiarizing oneself with key terms and concepts in such a way that they can be identified easily when presented among distractors. Students could benefit from practice tests, flashcards, and grouping related information together to help with memory retention and ease of recognition during exams.
Lastly, for recall-based exams, deeper engagement with the material, such as self-explanation and teaching the information to others, may be more effective. Rehearsal and the use of memory-enhancing strategies are advised to transfer information from short-term to long-term memory, ensuring better recall during exams.