Final answer:
Surface tension is the tendency of a liquid to minimize its surface area. Viscosity is a measure of a liquid's resistance to flow. Capillary action is the phenomenon where a liquid rises in a narrow tube (capillary) due to the balance between the adhesive and cohesive forces.
Step-by-step explanation:
Surface tension is the tendency of a liquid to minimize its surface area. It is caused by the cohesive forces between the molecules of the liquid. These cohesive forces pull the molecules at the surface of the liquid towards the interior, reducing the surface area.
Examples of surface tension can be seen when water forms droplets on a surface or when a needle is able to float on water due to the surface tension. Other properties of liquids like viscosity and capillary action are also related to the intermolecular forces and molecular interactions within the liquid.
Viscosity is a measure of a liquid's resistance to flow. Liquids with strong intermolecular forces have higher viscosities, while liquids with weak intermolecular forces have lower viscosities.
Capillary action is the phenomenon where a liquid rises in a narrow tube (capillary) due to the balance between the adhesive forces between the liquid and the tube walls and the cohesive forces between the liquid molecules. This occurs when the adhesive forces are stronger than the cohesive forces. Water rising in a capillary tube is an example of capillary action.