Final answer:
An algorithm is a specific set of instructions used for problem-solving which ensures a consistent outcome when correctly followed. It is distinct from a heuristic, which is a mental shortcut that can be quicker but less reliable. In fields like computer science, algorithms are crucial for functions such as search result rankings and social media feeds.
Step-by-step explanation:
An algorithm is a problem-solving strategy characterized by a specific set of instructions designed to produce a consistent and correct outcome. Unlike heuristics, which are mental shortcuts that can sometimes lead to errors, an algorithm is a logical, step-by-step approach that will always yield the same result when carried out correctly. For example, algorithms are heavily utilized in computer science, such as those that power search engine rankings or determine the content of your social media newsfeed. In these cases, the algorithms take into account numerous factors to deliver tailored results.
An easy way to differentiate an algorithm from a heuristic is to consider an algorithm like a detailed cooking recipe; if you follow it exactly, you will consistently reproduce the same dish. On the other hand, a heuristic is more like an improvised dish made without precise measurements, which might turn out differently each time.
When it comes to problem-solving, algorithms are essential, as they provide a clear sequence of steps to solve a problem, much like engineers use a systematic approach when evaluating alternative solutions.