Final answer:
Observational learning is the process of learning by imitating others' behaviors and was proposed by Albert Bandura. option b.
Step-by-step explanation:
Learning by imitating others' behaviors is called observational learning. The researcher best known for studying this type of learning is Albert Bandura. Observational learning involves learning by watching and copying the behavior of others. Albert Bandura's key contribution to learning theory was his proposal that much learning is vicarious, which means we learn by observing someone else's behavior and its consequences. Bandura suggested that internal mental states have a role in learning, and that through observational learning, we acquire new behaviors by observing the rewards and punishments that others receive for their behavior. This learning process extends beyond mere imitation as it can include internal cognitive processes as well.