Question

step in mRNA translation involving movement of the ribosome along mRNA (and translocation) and synthesis of all peptide bonds - with tRNAs bound to acceptor (A) and peptidyl (P) sites.

Answer 1

In mRNA translation, elongation involves the movement of the ribosome along the mRNA and the synthesis of peptide bonds. Charged tRNAs enter the A site, shift to the P site, and then to the E site. Peptide bonds form between amino acids attached to tRNAs at the A and P sites.

Step-by-step explanation:

Elongation in mRNA translation involves the movement of the ribosome along the mRNA and the synthesis of all peptide bonds. During each translocation event, charged tRNAs enter at the A site, then shift to the P site, and finally to the E site for removal. Ribosomal movements are induced by conformational changes that advance the ribosome by three bases in the 3' direction. Peptide bonds form between the amino group of the amino acid attached to the A-site tRNA and the carboxyl group of the amino acid attached to the P-site tRNA. These peptide bonds are catalyzed by peptidyl transferase, an RNA-based enzyme integrated into the 50S ribosomal subunit.