Final answer:
McCulloch v Maryland allowed the federal government to establish a national bank and asserted Congress's authority under the 'necessary and proper' clause of the Constitution.
Step-by-step explanation:
McCulloch v Maryland was a landmark Supreme Court case in 1819 that allowed the federal government to establish a national bank. The case involved a conflict between the state of Maryland and the Second Bank of the United States. Maryland had imposed a tax on the bank, but the Supreme Court ruled that Congress had the authority to charter a national bank under the 'necessary and proper' clause of the Constitution. This decision established the doctrine of implied powers, which gave Congress discretionary power to fulfill its constitutional responsibilities.