Final answer:
The correct answer is option c. peter the great.
Step-by-step explanation:
The ruler who increased his powers as an absolute ruler in order to westernize Russia was Peter the Great. Peter I, known as Peter the Great, ruled from 1672 to 1725. Inspired by advancements he witnessed in Europe, he embarked on a comprehensive campaign to modernize and westernize Russia. This included overhauling the Russian government, improving the military, and encouraging the growth of industry.
He visited Europe in disguise, studying shipbuilding and administrative techniques. Peter the Great's reforms transformed Russia into a more formidable European power, significantly expanding its territorial claims and improving its administrative efficiency.