Final answer:
The genetic code is a sequence of three-letter codes that corresponds to specific amino acids. It is based on codons, which are groups of three nitrogen bases in nucleic acids. The genetic code is universal and plays a crucial role in protein synthesis and gene expression.
Step-by-step explanation:
The genetic code is a sequence of three-letter codes called triplets that correspond to specific amino acids. Each triplet, known as a codon, is a group of three nitrogen bases in nucleic acids. The codons are read by the cell during protein synthesis, and each codon represents a specific amino acid. For example, the codon 'ATC' corresponds to the amino acid isoleucine.
The genetic code is universal, meaning it is the same in all living organisms. It is based on the specific arrangement of codons and ensures that the correct amino acids are incorporated into proteins. The genetic code is the foundation of protein synthesis and plays a crucial role in gene expression and the functioning of cells.