Final answer:
A situation where company departments do not communicate is referred to as a silo mentality. While specialization is important, lack of communication can hinder organizational effectiveness, especially in dynamic environments where cooperation is beneficial.
Step-by-step explanation:
When companies have separate departments that do not communicate, this is often referred to as operating in silos or having a 'silo mentality.' This silo mentality can be detrimental to an organization's effectiveness because it prevents departments from sharing information and resources which could improve efficiency and service delivery. A clear division of labor, as seen in bureaucracies and large businesses, is essential for specialization, but without proper communication channels, this separation can become counterproductive, especially in dynamic environments that require flexibility and cooperation.
In the example of a restaurant where food is backed up in the kitchen and a hostess is nearby not assisting, it highlights a situation where a rigid division of labor may not be the smartest approach. The hostess's primary job may be to seat customers, but in times of high demand or when other departments are overwhelmed, it might be beneficial for the organization to encourage staff to assist in areas outside their regular duties to enhance overall performance and customer satisfaction.