Final answer:
Future challenges in salmon fishery management include declining populations, human interference, and the need for conservation planning.
Step-by-step explanation:
Future challenges in salmon fishery management include the decline in salmon populations, the impact of human interference, and the need for conservation planning. The decline in salmon populations, particularly the California coho salmon, poses a threat to the ecosystem and food supply. Human interference, such as overfishing and habitat destruction, further exacerbates the problem. To address these challenges, conservation planning at both broad scale and site levels is crucial in freshwater and marine environments.
For managing these challenges, the combination of various measures is essential. This could involve creating networks of large marine protected areas to provide safe havens for salmon to breed and grow, and the regulation of fishing efforts to avoid overfishing and ensure the long-term sustainability of salmon stocks. Additionally, mitigation efforts must be put in place to compensate for the habitat destruction and climate change impacts, such as maintaining adequate river flows and water quality for salmon breeding and migration.