Final answer:
Joseph originally lived in Canaan before his enslavement in Egypt. Upon return, the Hebrews settled in Israel and Judah. Joseph's larger area of residence before Egypt was likely in the vicinity of what became the Kingdom of Israel or Judah.
Step-by-step explanation:
Joseph, hailing from a notable lineage, resided in the region identified in the question as Israel. However, the referenced scripture does not directly state in which larger area of Israel Joseph lived prior to moving to Egypt. But looking at the larger historical context provided by the biblical narrative, Joseph originally lived in the land known as Canaan before his enslavement in Egypt. According to the biblical account, Joseph's family endured hard times and became enslaved, but in time their descendant Moses would lead them out of Egypt, back to Canaan, which was eventually divided into two kingdoms, Israel in the north and Judah in the south. The northern kingdom of Israel, with its capital at Samaria, was more affluent and cosmopolitan, whereas the southern kingdom of Judah was smaller and its capital was Jerusalem.
Israel and Judah remained distinct until the Babylonian Captivity in 586 BCE. This period in history is vital for understanding the Israeli people and their shifting relationship with divine worship, sparking the belief in an omnipotent and omnipresent deity.