Final answer:
The system in question, per NFPA 1500, that identifies the location and function of all members at an incident scene and provides a common hierarchy for emergency response, is the Incident Command System (ICS). It includes resource management and establishes a clear chain of command.
Step-by-step explanation:
The system that readily identifies both the locations and the functions of all members operating at an incident scene, as outlined by NFPA 1500, is the Incident Command System (ICS). The ICS is a standardized approach to the command, control, and coordination of emergency response that provides a common hierarchy in which personnel from multiple agencies can be effective. This system includes management of resources, prompt response to incidents, and enhances operational safety by establishing a clear chain of command and accountability system. This is crucial for the safety and efficiency of responders in a variety of emergency situations.