Final answer:
Option C: Weathered rock fragments are called clastic sediments, which are formed from the weathering and erosion of rocks and are a crucial component in the formation of sedimentary rocks like sandstone.
Step-by-step explanation:
Weathered rock fragments are known as clastic sediments. These fragments result from the weathering and erosion of pre-existing rocks, producing different sizes of particles, including boulders, rocks, gravel, sand, silt, clay, and mud. As part of the sedimentary rock cycle, these particles are transported by water or air and are deposited in environments such as riverbeds and ocean floors, where they eventually cement together to form sedimentary rocks like conglomerate, sandstone, siltstone, shale, claystone, and mudstone.
Sandstone, which is a type of clastic sedimentary rock, is composed predominantly of sand-sized minerals and rock fragments. Weathered rock fragments are called sediments. Sediments are small particles of rocks or minerals that have been broken down through weathering and erosion. They can vary in size, from tiny clay particles to larger sand and gravel particles. When these sediments accumulate and become compacted and cemented together, they form sedimentary rocks.