Final answer:
The perceptual process, as it relates to psychology, involves a complex interaction between bottom-up and top-down processing based on sensory information and prior knowledge or expectations. The brain constructs reality subjectively, often using perceptual hypotheses which can sometimes be deceptive.
Step-by-step explanation:
Bruner's Model of the Perceptual Process is not explicitly detailed in the provided information, but we can discuss the perceptual process in the context of psychology as it relates to sensory perception, cognition, and the brain's interpretation of stimuli. The perceptual process involves both bottom-up and top-down processing. In bottom-up processing, sensory information from the environment drives the perception, while in top-down processing, knowledge and expectancy guide how we interpret sensory information. This dynamic interaction between what we expect to perceive and what we actually perceive is influenced by our prior experiences, emotions, and perception hypotheses.
Through this process, the brain constructs a 'sketch' of reality rather than a complete picture, prioritizing information that is relevant to survival and navigation in the environment. The checkerboard example illustrates how our visual perception can be deceived, suggesting that seeing is not always believing. Our perceptions are subjective and can be influenced by factors like perceptual set, which are formed by priming and expectations.
In the context of the cerebral cortex, sensory processing initiates at the primary sensory cortex, moving to an association area, and then to a multimodal integration area. Complex shapes and depth information are extracted along the visual pathway, from the retina through the thalamus and into the primary visual cortex.