Final answer:
Emotions are intense, temporary states typically in response to a stimulus, whereas moods are less intense, longer-lasting states that might not have a specific cause. Emotions involve a combination of physiological responses and subjective experiences, but moods do not necessarily involve conscious recognition or specificity.
Step-by-step explanation:
The difference between emotions and moods is based on their intensity, cause, and duration. Emotions are intense, often consciously experienced states that are a response to specific stimuli. They are linked with bodily reactions, and this combination can include physiological arousal, psychological appraisal, and a subjective experience. By contrast, moods are less intense, can last for a longer duration, and may not be triggered by a specific event. Moods are also not always consciously recognized and are considered to be less specific than emotions.
Emotion can manifest in immediate and intense responses to stimuli and involve an outward expression, such as smiling when happy or frowning when sad. Mood, however, is more likened to a lasting emotional 'climate' which may not necessarily be linked to an identifiable cause and can color several different experiences or actions over time.