Final answer:
Factors such as a strong organizational culture, clear ethical codes, mutual respect, and open communication positively influence employee and manager ethics, while factors like unclear expectations and lack of ethical reward systems can negatively impact workplace ethics.
Step-by-step explanation:
Factors that positively affect employees' and managers' ethics include a strong organizational culture, clear codes of ethics, and ongoing training and support for ethical decision-making. Examples such as the IEEE-CS adopting a Software Engineering Code of Ethics highlight the importance of professional codes in guiding ethical behavior. A positive manager-employee relationship, characterized by mutual respect and open communication, enables growth and job satisfaction. Conversely, factors that negatively affect ethics can stem from a lack of clarity in ethical expectations, pressure to meet targets at any cost, and an environment that fails to reward ethical behavior, which may lead employees to feel justified in bending rules.
Moreover, the transition from traditional hierarchical structures to partnerships between employees and managers emphasizes the evolving nature of ethical considerations within the workplace. Ethical behavior is not only mandated by external codes but is also fostered through internal mechanisms like performance evaluations, support for work-life balance, and fair treatment in opportunities for skill development and career growth. Negatively, if a manager's approach is detrimental or an organization overlooks unethical actions, employees' ethics can erode, which could lead to destructive work relationships and potentially harm an individual's career progression.