Final answer:
To find the change in y, we need to consider the vertical component of the train's velocity before and after acceleration. The change in y is the difference between the final y-component of velocity and the initial y-component of velocity.
Step-by-step explanation:
To find the change in y, we need to consider the vertical component of the train's velocity before and after acceleration. The change in y is the difference between the final y-component of velocity and the initial y-component of velocity.
Given that the initial velocity is 8.81 m/s in a -51.0 degree direction, and after acceleration, the velocity is 9.66 m/s in a 37.0 degree direction, we can calculate the change in y using trigonometry.
Initial y-component velocity (Uy) = initial velocity * sin(initial angle) = 8.81 m/s * sin(-51.0 degrees) = -6.86 m/s
Final y-component velocity (Uy) = final velocity * sin(final angle) = 9.66 m/s * sin(37.0 degrees) = 5.78 m/s
Change in y = final y-component velocity - initial y-component velocity = 5.78 m/s - (-6.86 m/s) = 12.64 m/s