Question

A programmer needs to simulate five trials. During each trial, two dice are rolled 100 times. Which loop structure best represents the code needed to accomplish this task?

a. for(int t = 0; t < 5; t++)
for(int r = 0; r < 100; r++)
b. for(int t = 1; t < 5; t++)
for(int r = 1; r < 100; r++)
c. for(int r = 0; r < 100; r++)
for(int t = 0; t < 5; t++)
d. for(int r = 1; r < 100; r++)
for(int t = 1; t < 5; t++)
e. for(int t = 0; t < 5; t++)
for(int r = t; r < 100; r++)

Answer 1

The correct code structure for simulating five trials where two dice are rolled 100 times each is option (a): for(int t = 0; t < 5; t++) for(int r = 0; r < 100; r++), with two nested for loops for trials and rolls.

Step-by-step explanation:

The programmer needs to simulate five trials, each consisting of rolling two dice a hundred times. The best loop structure to represent the code necessary to accomplish this task is option (a): for(int t = 0; t < 5; t++) for(int r = 0; r < 100; r++). This code creates an outer loop for the trials and an inner loop for the dice rolls within each trial. The first for loop (with variable t) runs five times, representing each trial, and the second for loop (with variable r) runs one hundred times within each trial, simulating the rolling of two dice.

To break this down, the outer loop with the iterator t starts at 0 and runs until it reaches 5, incrementing by 1 with each iteration - this corresponds to the five trials. Simultaneously, for each trial, the inner loop with the iterator r runs one hundred times as it starts from 0 and continues until it reaches 100, also incrementing by 1 with each iteration, which represents rolling the dice 100 times during each trial.