Question

If a patient is allergic to sulfonamide antibiotics, he or she will most likely have cross sensitivity to:

1) loop diuretics
2) sulfonylureas
3) thiazide diuretics
4) all of the above

Answer 1

Patients allergic to sulfonamide antibiotics are likely to have cross sensitivity to all of the following: loop diuretics, sulfonylureas, and thiazide diuretics, as these drug classes contain the sulfonamide group.

Step-by-step explanation:

If a patient is allergic to sulfonamide antibiotics, he or she will most likely have cross sensitivity to all of the above: loop diuretics, sulfonylureas, and thiazide diuretics. This is because these drug groups contain the sulfonamide group, which could potentially cause hypersensitivity reactions in patients with a sulfonamide allergy. Loop diuretics, such as furosemide, inhibit the reabsorption of Na+ and Cl- ions by the ascending limb of the loop of Henle, increasing urination as a side effect.

Similarly, thiazide diuretics, including hydrochlorothiazide, reduce the reabsorption of Na+ in the distal convoluted tubules, also leading to increased urine output. Sulfonylureas are a class of medications used to treat type 2 diabetes by stimulating insulin release from pancreatic beta cells.