Final answer:
In a 4-bit system, the carry and overflow flags are used to indicate when there is a carry or overflow during addition or subtraction. The carry flag is set when there is a carry or borrow across the most significant bit, while the overflow flag is set when there is a signed overflow.
Step-by-step explanation:
In a 4-bit system, the overflow and carry flags are used to indicate when a result exceeds the range that can be represented with the available number of bits. The carry flag is set when there is a carry or borrow across the most significant bit (MSB) during addition or subtraction. The overflow flag is set when there is a signed overflow, meaning the result of an operation cannot be represented accurately within the given number of bits.
In the first operation, 1101 + 1110, there is no carry or overflow as the result is 10111, which can be represented in a 4-bit system. In the second operation, 1101 - 1100, the carry flag is not set as there is no carry across the MSB. However, the overflow flag is set because the result is -1, which cannot be represented in a 4-bit signed binary number.
Similarly, you can analyze the remaining operations to determine the state of the carry and overflow flags.