Final answer:
The CPU scheduler is responsible for selecting processes from the ready queue to execute and allocate the CPU to them. It makes these decisions based on certain criteria to effectively manage process execution times.
Step-by-step explanation:
The task of selecting from among the processes that are in the ready queue to execute and allocate the CPU to one of them is handled by the CPU scheduler. Option d, CPU scheduler, is the correct answer. The CPU scheduler, often called the short-term scheduler, decides which process in the ready queue is to be executed next.
The job scheduler, on the other hand, handles the tasks before they're in the ready queue, determining which jobs are admitted to the system for processing. Context switching refers to the process of storing and restoring the state (context) of a CPU so that execution can be resumed from the same point at a later time, which is a different concept. Lastly, swapping is a mechanism that moves processes between main memory and a storage device to manage memory space.
The correct answer to the question is d.CPU scheduler. The CPU scheduler is responsible for selecting a process from the ready queue and allocating the CPU to that process. It decides which process to execute based on various scheduling algorithms, such as round-robin or priority-based scheduling.