Question

Which characteristics below are associated with the technique of circuit switching?

A.Data may be queued before being transmitted due to other users' data that is also queuing for transmission.
B.Resources needed for an atomic source destination.
C.Congestion loss and variable end-to-end delays are possible with this technique.
D.This technique was used in the Internet.
E.This technique was used for telephone switching during the 20th century and into the beginning of this current century.
F.Frequency Division Multiplexing (FDM) and Time Division Multiplexing (TDM) are approaches for implementing this technique.
G.Resources are used on demand, retaining unused resources.

Answer 1

Circuit switching is characterized by having resources dedicated for a connection, using methods such as FDM and TDM, and was historically used in telephone systems. Congestion and variable delays are not typically issues in circuit-switched networks because of the dedicated channels.

Step-by-step explanation:

The technique of circuit switching is associated with several distinctive characteristics:

• Resources needed for an atomic source-destination path means that a dedicated communication channel is established for the duration of the connection between the source and the destination.
• Congestion, loss, and variable end-to-end delays are not typically associated with circuit switching, because once the circuit is established, resources are reserved and delays are consistent.
• This technique was indeed used for telephone switching throughout the 20th century and into the early part of the current century, before the widespread adoption of packet-switched networks.
• Frequency Division Multiplexing (FDM) and Time Division Multiplexing (TDM) are methods used within circuit-switched networks to maximize the efficiency of the dedicated channels.

Therefore, the correct responses from the provided options would be B, E, and F. Data being queued before transmission is typically associated with packet switching, not circuit switching. Also, resources are dedicated during a circuit-switched connection, rather than being used on demand and retaining unused resources.