Final answer:
A z-score of -1.88 indicates that the adopted grandson's height is 1.88 standard deviations below the mean height of American 2-year-olds.
Step-by-step explanation:
A z-score is a measure of how far away a data point is from the mean of a data set, expressed in terms of standard deviations. In this case, the z-score of -1.88 for the adopted grandson's height indicates that his height is 1.88 standard deviations below the mean height of American 2-year-olds.
This means that the adopted grandson is relatively shorter compared to other 2-year-olds in America. It is important to note that the z-score is a measure of relative position and does not provide the actual height in inches or centimeters.