Final answer:
RISC processors utilize a simpler instruction set that results in higher performance for certain tasks, while CISC processors can handle more complex instructions per command which may simplify programming but does not inherently consume less power. ARM processors are built using the RISC architecture. The correct answer is B.
Step-by-step explanation:
The architectural differences between RISC (Reduced Instruction Set Computer) and CISC (Complex Instruction Set Computer) processors are distinct and have implications for system design. RISC processors have a simpler, more efficient instruction set compared to CISC processors. Contrary to the statement a, RISC processors are characterized by their reduced instruction set, which allows for faster instruction execution at the cost of requiring more instructions for complex tasks. Statement b is true insofar as CISC processors can perform complex instructions in a single command, which might reduce software complexity and can be easier for a programmer to manage.
However, modern CISC technologies like Intel's Core CPUs are also capable of high efficiency. Regarding statement c, it is not accurate to say that CISC-based systems cannot afford to use as much power as RISC systems. In practice, power usage depends on the specific implementation and processor use-case rather than simply the instruction set architecture. Lastly, statement d is correct; ARM processors are indeed built using the RISC instruction set architecture, designed for efficiency, mainly in mobile and embedded devices where power consumption is a critical factor.