Question

draw the four structures of the compounds with molecular formula c₅h₁₀o that contain a carbon-carbon double bond, an unbranched carbon chain, and a hydroxyl group one carbon from the end of the chain.

Answer 1

The correct structure for the compound with formula C₅H₁₀O, containing an unbranched carbon chain, one double bond, and a hydroxyl group one carbon from the end, is pent-4-ene-1-ol, with the double bond between the third and fourth carbon atoms and the hydroxyl group on the fourth carbon.

Step-by-step explanation:

The student is required to draw structural formulas for compounds with the molecular formula C₅H₁₀O that have an unbranched carbon chain with a double bond and a hydroxyl group one carbon from the end of the chain. Since the compounds must contain five carbons (pent-) and have one carbon-carbon double bond (-ene), we are working with pentenes that have a hydroxyl group on the fourth carbon (since it must be one carbon from the end of an unbranched chain).

Given these constraints, there are four possible isomers. However, because the student asked for structures with an unbranched chain, there is only one correct structure. The structure will be pent-4-ene-1-ol, which has the double bond between the third and fourth carbon and the hydroxyl group on the fourth carbon.

To draw this compound, we would start with a straight chain of five carbon atoms. Then, we place a double bond between the third and fourth carbons and add the hydroxyl group (OH) to the fourth carbon. All remaining valences on the carbons are filled with hydrogen atoms to give each carbon four bonds.