Question

The intramolecular hydrogen bonding interaction in 3 is significantly diminished in comparison to 1 because,

a.the hydrogen bonding interaction occurs between proton of the OH group and the oxygen atom of C=O bond.
b.the high electron density on the oxygen atom of the C-o bond.
c.the absence of hydrogen bonding interaction between proton of the OH group and the oxygen atom of C O bond.
d.none of the above

Answer 1

The intramolecular hydrogen bonding in molecule 3 is reduced due to the high electron density on the carbonyl group's oxygen atom, which weakens the hydrogen's ability to bond.

Step-by-step explanation:

The intramolecular hydrogen bonding interaction in molecule 3 is significantly diminished in comparison to molecule 1 because the hydrogen bonding interaction that occurs between the proton of the OH group and the oxygen atom of the C=O bond is weakened due to the high electron density on the oxygen atom of the carbonyl (C=O) group.

This electron density draws electrons away from the hydrogen, reducing its ability to participate in hydrogen bonding. Moreover, an increase in the electronegativity of atoms in proximity to the hydroxyl group can lead to stronger covalent bonds (a scenario exemplified by oxyacids) and can further diminish the hydrogen's capability to form hydrogen bonds.