To measure monthly rainfall accurately, add the measurements from the four weeks using a rain gauge. Use Table 1.16 to determine percentages and fractions for specific ranges of rainfall. For metrics like water usage, liters or kiloliters are appropriate units.
To provide an accurate measurement of rainfall for the whole month, we would need to add the total rainfall measured during the first three weeks to the rainfall measured during the fourth week. While the problem does not provide numerical values, it is important to note that measurements should always be conducted using the appropriate tools and recorded accurately. Typically, rainfall is measured in inches or millimeters using a rain gauge.
Regarding the provided information on annual rainfall, to find the percentage or fraction of towns with rainfall within a specific range, one would need to refer to Table 1.16. For example, you would divide the number of towns with rainfall between the specified ranges by the total number of towns surveyed to determine the fraction or percentage.
When selecting measurement units, it's crucial to pick the unit that best fits the context of what is being measured. In Maya's case, understanding water usage in liters or kiloliters would be metrically appropriate since these are standard units for volume measurements.
Lastly, for the statistical questions, using hypothesis testing and considering p-values in relation to the chosen alpha level would determine whether the mean rainfall differs from the reported average.