Final answer:
SAML, or Security Assertion Markup Language, is an example of remote authentication technology that enables web-based Single Sign-On, allowing users to access multiple services with a single set of credentials.
Step-by-step explanation:
Among the options provided, the example of a remote authentication technology is SAML (Security Assertion Markup Language). SAML is an acronym used to describe the Security Assertion Markup Language (SAML). Its primary role in online security is that it enables you to access multiple web applications using one set of login credentials. Remote authentication technologies are used to verify a user's identity over a network. CHAP (Challenge-Handshake Authentication Protocol) and PAP (Password Authentication Protocol) are protocols used in various authentication scenarios, but they are not specifically tuned for remote scenarios in the same way SAML is.
Meanwhile, TPM (Trusted Platform Module) is related to hardware-based security, and it is not a remote authentication technology. SAML is widely used for web-based authentication, allowing users to log in to multiple sites using the same credentials through what is known as Single Sign-On (SSO). This kind of remote authentication is instrumental in federated identity management and is highly relevant in cloud-based services and applications.