Final answer:
Actual efficiency refers to the efficiency at which a system is actually operating. It is calculated by dividing the useful work output by the energy input. To find the ratio of heat transfer to the environment to work output, divide the heat transfer to the environment by the work output. To calculate the work done, use the formula: Work done = Energy input x Actual efficiency.
Step-by-step explanation:
Actual efficiency refers to the efficiency at which a system is actually operating. It is calculated by dividing the useful work output by the energy input. In this case, the efficiency is given as 42.0%. To determine the actual efficiency, you can convert this percentage to a decimal by dividing it by 100 (42.0% = 0.42).
To find the ratio of heat transfer to the environment to work output, you divide the heat transfer to the environment by the work output. This can be calculated using the formula: Heat transfer to the environment / Work output = (1 - Actual efficiency).
To calculate the work done, you need to know the energy input and the actual efficiency. The work done can be calculated using the formula: Work done = Energy input x Actual efficiency.