Final answer:
The formed elements that arise from myeloid stem cells are neutrophils, eosinophils, and basophils. These granular leukocytes are identifiable in blood smears where neutrophils are most abundant, eosinophils target parasitic infections, and basophils, which are least common, have dark blue granules.
Step-by-step explanation:
The question involves identifying which of the formed elements highlighted arise from myeloid stem cells. Myeloid stem cells give rise to all the other formed elements, which include the erythrocytes (red blood cells), megakaryocytes that produce platelets, and a myeloblast lineage that gives rise to various types of granular leukocytes such as neutrophils, eosinophils, and basophils. Neutrophils, eosinophils, and basophils are all granular leukocytes that are derived from the myeloblast lineage of myeloid stem cells.
Neutrophils are the white blood cells found in the largest numbers in the bloodstream and they primarily fight bacterial infections. Eosinophils target parasitic infections and are involved in allergic reactions along with basophils, both releasing histamine and other proinflammatory compounds from their granules upon stimulation. Basophils are the least common of the leukocytes but have large granules that pick up a dark blue stain, making them distinctive.
With this in mind, the formed elements that arise from myeloid stem cells and are highlighted in blood smears include neutrophils, eosinophils, and basophils.