Final answer:
The purpose of using a bourdon-type pressure gauge is to measure the pressure difference between the pitot tube and the surrounding air, which is related to the airspeed of the airplane.
Step-by-step explanation:
The purpose of using a bourdon-type pressure gauge to measure the pressure from a pitot tube attached to the leading edge of an airplane wing is to measure the pressure difference between the pitot tube and the surrounding air. This pressure difference is known as the dynamic pressure and is related to the airspeed of the airplane.
The bourdon-type pressure gauge works by converting the pressure difference into a mechanical displacement. The displacement is then translated into a reading on the gauge, which can be used to determine the airspeed of the airplane.
Therefore, the correct answer to the question is 3) To measure the pressure difference between the pitot tube and the surrounding air.