Question

The switches in the converter below operate synchronously: each is in position 1 for 0 t dts, and in position 2 for dts t ts. What is the operation of the switches in the converter?

1) They operate independently
2) They operate in sequence
3) They operate randomly
4) They operate simultaneously

Answer 1

The switches in the converter operate simultaneously, not independently, in sequence, or randomly. When a switch in a circuit with coils is first closed, there's an initial current surge, which stabilizes over time; when opened, the current briefly reverses direction due to Lenz's Law.

Step-by-step explanation:

The student's question pertains to the operation of switches in a converter and the flow of current through coils in certain scenarios. The operation of the switches is described as follows:

• If the switches sync up to switch positions concurrently, where each one is in position 1 for 0 ≤ t < dts, and in position 2 for dts ≤ t < ts, they would be operating simultaneously, not independently, in sequence, or randomly.

For the current flow in coils (considering we don't have the actual figure to reference to and assuming a basic circuit with inductive components):

1. When the switch is first closed, there would be an initial surge of current as the magnetic field builds up. The direction of the currents in coils 1, 2, and 3 would follow the right-hand rule in response to the applied electromotive force (EMF).
2. Once the switch has been closed for a long time (steady state), current flow in the coils would stabilize, and only resistive losses would determine the current's magnitude and direction.
3. Just after the switch is opened, the collapsing magnetic field would induce a current in the opposite direction, following Lenz's Law, in all coils for a brief period.