Final answer:
There are 83.9 million people not participating in the labor force in year 3. This is calculated by subtracting the total labor force from the adult population.
Step-by-step explanation:
In year 3, the number of persons not participating in the labor force can be calculated using the given information. The adult population over the age of 16 is 237.8 million and the labor force is 153.9 million, of which 139.1 million are employed. To find the number of persons not in the labor force, subtract the labor force from the adult population: 237.8 - 153.9 = 83.9 million.
According to the given data, the adult population over the age of 16 in year 3 is 237.8 million while the labor force is 153.9 million. The labor force consists of both employed and unemployed persons.
To determine the number of people not participating in the labor force, we subtract the labor force from the total adult population, which yields 237.8 million - 153.9 million = 83.9 million. The proportions of employed, unemployed, and not in the labor force relative to the total adult population are: 58.5% employed (139.1 million), 6.2% unemployed (14.8 million), and 35.3% not in the labor force (83.9 million).