Final answer:
Hybridization refers to the mixing of atomic orbitals to form hybrid orbitals in a molecule’s geometry, rather than something which occurs to DNA bases. It involves sp, sp2, or sp3 types, resulting in different geometrical shapes around carbon atoms within organic molecules.
Step-by-step explanation:
The question concerns the hybridization of DNA bases. However, this seems to be a case of confusion, as DNA bases themselves are not hybridized. Instead, hybridization refers to the concept in chemistry where atomic orbitals mix to form new hybrid orbitals that can accommodate bonding in molecules. In the context of organic chemistry, carbon atoms can undergo sp, sp2, or sp3 hybridization.
For example, sp hybridization occurs when one s orbital and one p orbital mix to form two sp hybrid orbitals, resulting in a linear geometry around the atom, as seen in molecules like ethyne (HC=CH). In sp2 hybridization, one s orbital mixes with two p orbitals to form three sp2 hybrid orbitals, producing a trigonal planar geometry around the atom, like in ethene (H2C=CH2).
Lastly, in sp3 hybridization, one s orbital and three p orbitals mix to form four equivalent sp3 orbitals, creating a tetrahedral geometry as seen in methane (CH4). Hybridization is a key concept in understanding molecular geometry and the formation of chemical bonds in organic molecules.