Final answer:
The limiting reactant in the iodination of vanillin is hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) (option number 3). The balanced chemical equation for the iodination of vanillin is: C₈H₈O₃ + 2I₂ + 4H₂O₂ + 6CH₃COOH → 2I₈C₈H₄O₃ + 8H₂O + 4CO₂
Step-by-step explanation:
The limiting reactant in the iodination of vanillin is the reactant that is completely consumed and limits the amount of product that can be formed. To determine the limiting reactant, we need to compare the amount of each reactant to the stoichiometry of the balanced chemical equation.
The balanced chemical equation for the iodination of vanillin is: C₈H₈O₃ + 2I₂ + 4H₂O₂ + 6CH₃COOH → 2I₈C₈H₄O₃ + 8H₂O + 4CO₂ From the given information, we need to compare the amount of iodine (I2), vanillin (C₈H₈O₃), hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂), and acetic acid (CH₃COOH). By calculating the moles of each reactant and comparing them to their stoichiometric coefficients, we can determine that hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) is the limiting reactant in the iodination of vanillin.
So the limiting reactant in the iodination of vanillin is hydrogen peroxide (option number 3).