Final answer:
The RT should document irregular breathing with pauses of greater than 5 seconds, which is known as periodic breathing. The irregular pattern of breathing and the pauses in this case may be attributed to the immaturity of the respiratory control centers in the brain of the preterm infant.
Step-by-step explanation:
The type of breathing pattern that the RT should document in this case is irregular breathing with pauses of greater than 5 seconds. This can be described as irregular and periodic breathing. Periodic breathing refers to the alternation between shallow and deep breaths, accompanied by pauses in breathing for more than 5 seconds. It is commonly observed in preterm infants and is considered a normal variant. The irregular pattern of breathing and the pauses in this case may be attributed to the immaturity of the respiratory control centers in the brain of the preterm infant. The breathing pattern described, with a respiratory rate (RR) of 40 breaths per minute, irregular breathing, and pauses greater than 5 seconds, is characteristic of "periodic breathing." Periodic breathing is a common breathing pattern observed in preterm infants.
In periodic breathing, there are short episodes of apnea (pauses in breathing) lasting less than 20 seconds, followed by a rapid and irregular increase in respiratory rate. It is a normal respiratory pattern in preterm infants and usually resolves as the infant matures. When documenting the infant's breathing pattern, the respiratory therapist (RT) should use the term "periodic breathing" to accurately describe the observed irregular breathing with pauses. It's important for healthcare professionals to monitor and assess the respiratory patterns of preterm infants, especially those receiving oxygen therapy, to ensure appropriate care and intervention if needed.