Final answer:
Harpsico's approach to market a fizzy water drink in 25 different nations by clustering them into four regions and creating four versions of the product is an example of semiglobalization.
Step-by-step explanation:
The marketing approach taken by the multinational enterprise (MNE), Harpsico, to market a fizzy water drink in 25 countries by clustering the nations into four regions and creating four versions of the product is an example of semiglobalization. Semiglobalization is a strategy where businesses neither go for full adaptation in each country (total isolation) nor offer a completely uniform product across the globe (total globalization). Instead, they find a middle ground, recognizing both the distinct differences and the merging trends in global markets. This reflects the ability of the company to benefit from the economies of agglomeration while minimizing the economic and cultural diseconomies that can arise from too much standardization or too much localization.
Globalization is a broader concept that denotes the integration of markets, governments, and cultures through international trade. While McDonald's restaurants found in almost every country might represent an extreme of globalization, Harpsico's approach takes into account regional differences and consumer preferences, thus embodying semiglobalization.