Final answer:
Chest expansion and rising shoulders during breathing are indicative of forced breathing or hyperpnea, which involves accessory muscles in the neck and abdomen in addition to the diaphragm and intercostal muscles.
Step-by-step explanation:
The type of breathing that involves chest expansion and rising shoulders with every inhalation is referred to as forced breathing or hyperpnea. This commonly occurs during actions that require the active manipulation of breathing such as singing or during exercises that challenge respiratory capacity.
During forced inspiration, accessory muscles like the scalenes in the neck contract, lifting the thoracic wall and increasing lung volume. For forced expiration, muscles such as the abdominal obliques contract to push the diaphragm further into the thorax, thus pushing more air out. Accessory muscles, like the internal intercostals, compress the rib cage to reduce the thoracic cavity volume, aiding expiration.