Final answer:
The correct option in the final answer is 4. Enzymes increase reaction rates by lowering activation energy and have specific temperature and pH optima where they function best. They are not consumed by the reaction. All the statements provided in the question are true, except for any incorrect statement about enzymes increasing the ΔG of reactions.
Step-by-step explanation:
The question regards the properties of enzymes and asks which statement is not true about them. Enzymes are catalysts that increase the rate of reactions by lowering the activation energy required for the reaction to proceed. They are also characterized by having a temperature and pH optimum, which means they work most efficiently at specific temperatures and pH levels. Furthermore, enzymes are not consumed by the reaction they catalyze; they remain available to assist in multiple rounds of reaction.
Given the options provided:
- Enzymes lower the activation energy of reactions
- They have temperature and pH optima
- They are not part of the reaction's products or reactants
- They increase the rate of reactions
It is clear that all of the above statements are true of enzymes. However, if the question implied to include a statement that enzymes increase the delta G (ΔG) of reactions, that would not be true. Enzymes do not affect the overall free energy change (ΔG) of the reaction; they only make it easier for the reaction to occur by reducing the activation energy.
The correct option, considering the general understanding of enzyme properties, is that all of the provided statements are representative of true enzyme characteristics. However, please mention the exact statements available for selection if there's a confusion regarding the enzyme's effect on ΔG.