Final answer:
Frederick the Great of Prussia was the enlightened despot who considered himself the first servant of the state, inviting Voltaire to his court and incorporating Enlightenment ideals into his rule.
Step-by-step explanation:
The most celebrated of the "enlightened despots" who saw himself as the first servant of the state was Frederick the Great of Prussia. He was known for inviting the French philosopher Voltaire to live at his palace in Potsdam.
Frederick's rule was influenced by Enlightenment ideals and he implemented reforms that aimed to modernize Prussia's bureaucracy, legal system, and economy while maintaining a strong, centralized state.
This form of governance was a complex blend of absolute monarchical power and Enlightenment thinking, endorsing the idea that the sovereign's main purpose was to serve the state and its subjects.