Final answer:
The main reason that Britain escaped revolution in the 19th century was due to a series of social and political reforms, such as the Catholic Emancipation Act of 1829 and the Great Reform Bill of 1832, that addressed the grievances of the middle class and prevented widespread discontent and unrest.
Step-by-step explanation:
The main reason that Britain escaped revolution in the 19th century was due to a series of social and political reforms that prevented widespread discontent and unrest. One of the key factors was the gradual liberalization of the political system through reforms like the Catholic Emancipation Act of 1829 and the Great Reform Bill of 1832, which expanded the electorate and eliminated corrupt city governments.
These reforms helped to address the grievances of the middle class and prevent them from joining the working class in a revolution. Additionally, the British elites, especially the gentry class of landowners, were not hostile to commercial enterprise, unlike nobles in other European countries. This lack of hostility towards industry helped to foster economic stability and prevent a revolution.