Final answer:
The compound with the molecular formula C5H10O and the given 1H NMR spectrum in CDCl3 can be identified as 2-methylbutanal based on the chemical shifts and integrals of the peaks in the spectrum.
Step-by-step explanation:
The compound with the molecular formula C5H10O and the given 1H NMR spectrum in CDCl3 can be identified by analyzing the chemical shifts and integrals of the peaks in the spectrum.
Based on the given data, the compound can be identified as 2-methylbutanal. The peaks at δ 9.77 (1H, t, J = 2 Hz) and δ 2.21 (1H, m) can be assigned to the methine (CH) protons in the aldehyde group, while the peaks at δ 2.31 (2H, dd, J = 2 Hz, J = 7 Hz) and δ 0.98 (6H, d, J = 7 Hz) can be assigned to the methyl and methylene protons, respectively, in the methyl group.
Additionally, the presence of a singlet at δ 5.87 (1H, m) suggests the presence of an alkene moiety in the compound. Therefore, the molecular formula C5H10O and the given NMR spectrum can be attributed to 2-methylbutanal.