Final answer:
In human males, the sex chromosomes are a XY pair, while in human females, they are a XX pair. Humans have 23 pairs of chromosomes, with the 23rd pair being sex chromosomes that determine biological sex.
Step-by-step explanation:
In the human male, the sex chromosomes normally consist of a XY pair; in the human female, they consist of a XX pair. Humans have 23 pairs of chromosomes, with pairs 1-22 being autosomes. The 23rd pair is the sex chromosomes, which determine an individual's biological sex.
Females have a homologous pair of X chromosomes making their 23rd pair XX, whereas males have one X and one Y chromosome making their 23rd pair XY. It is important to note that the Y chromosome is much shorter than the X chromosome and contains fewer genes.