Final answer:
Objectives are best described as specific targets within the planning process that include measurable outcomes, aiding in the tracking and achievement of larger goals through quantifiable and actionable steps.
Step-by-step explanation:
Objectives in the planning process are best described as elements that often include measurable outcomes. They are specific targets that organizations or projects aim to achieve, which are designed to be quantifiable so that progress can be monitored and success can be assessed. Having measurable objectives ensures that they are achievable and appropriate, providing a clear course of action towards realizing the overall goals.
Objectives help guide both instructors and students in determining the content to focus on. For instance, defined learning objectives clarify what students should learn and be able to demonstrate after completing certain educational modules. These objectives are integral to aligning with current teaching practices and measuring student mastery.
Crucially, objectives act as actionable steps or milestones that support the journey towards larger goals. When setting these objectives, utilizing the SMART criteria—which stands for Specific, Measurable, Achievable, Relevant, and Time-bound—is paramount. It provides structure and trackability to each objective, increasing the likelihood of attainment, and facilitating clear communication around expected results.