Final answer:
Diversity of citizenship is present in situations where the parties are from different states or a party is from a foreign nation and the amount in controversy is at least $75,000. Option A is the only scenario fully meeting both criteria of different state parties and necessary amount, while B and C fail to meet all criteria. The correct option is D.
Step-by-step explanation:
Diversity of citizenship refers to cases where parties involved are from different states or one party is a U.S. citizen and the other is a citizen of a foreign nation, with the amount in controversy being at least $75,000 according to federal law. Based on this, let's evaluate the given scenarios:
- Option A involves 2 Plaintiffs from North Carolina and 2 Defendants from Virginia with the amount in controversy being $100,000. This satisfies the requirements for diversity of citizenship since it involves parties from two different states and the amount exceeds $75,000.
- Option B features one Plaintiff from North Carolina, one Defendant from South Carolina, and the amount in controversy is $70,000. This situation involves interstate parties but does not meet the amount in controversy requirement of $75,000.
- Option C has one Plaintiff from North Carolina, one Plaintiff from South Carolina, one Defendant from South Carolina, and the amount in controversy is $80,000. Although it meets the monetary requirement, diversity of citizenship is not achieved because the Plaintiffs are not from entirely different states as one of the Defendants.
Considering the criteria, the correct answer is: D.) All of the above