Final answer:
The substance that is hydrophobic is insoluble in water, whereas a hydrophilic substance is soluble in water. The correct option is A: hydrophobic, hydrophilic.
Step-by-step explanation:
A substance that is hydrophobic will be insoluble in water, but a substance that is hydrophilic will be soluble in water. The correct answer to the question is A: Hydrophobic, Hydrophilic. This can be understood through the rule "like dissolves like", indicating that substances with similar properties tend to dissolve in each other. Hydrophobic substances, which are water-repelling and nonpolar, do not mix well with the polar nature of water, hence they are insoluble in water. On the other hand, hydrophilic substances, which love and attract water due to their polarity or ability to form hydrogen bonds with water, will dissolve in it.
For example, methanol with an OH group is a polar molecule and thus is expected to be soluble or miscible in water. Nonpolar liquids like oil, being hydrophobic, form separate layers when mixed with water, indicating that they are immiscible with water.