Question

Rank the following intermolecular forces in terms of increasing strength: dipole-dipole, dipole-induced dipole, dispersion, hydrogen bonding, ion-dipole

Answer 1

The intermolecular forces can be ranked from weakest to strongest as follows: dispersion forces, dipole-induced dipole forces, dipole-dipole forces, hydrogen bonding, and ion-dipole forces.

Step-by-step explanation:

The intermolecular forces can be ranked from weakest to strongest as follows:

1. Dispersion forces (also known as London dispersion or van der Waals forces)
2. Dipole-induced dipole forces (also known as dipole-induced dipole interactions)
3. Dipole-dipole forces
4. Hydrogen bonding
5. Ion-dipole forces

Dispersion forces are the weakest intermolecular force and occur in all molecules due to temporary fluctuations in electron density. Dipole-induced dipole forces occur between a polar molecule and a nonpolar molecule. Dipole-dipole forces are attractions between the positive end of one polar molecule and the negative end of another polar molecule. Hydrogen bonding is a strong type of dipole-dipole interaction that occurs specifically between a hydrogen atom bonded to an electronegative atom (such as O, N, or F) and another electronegative atom nearby. Ion-dipole forces are the strongest intermolecular force and occur between an ion and a polar molecule.