Final answer:
The direction a particle curves depends on the forces acting on it. For a negatively charged particle between two plates, the electric field determines its curve. For a ball on a merry-go-round, the rotational motion influences the curved path due to the Coriolis effect. The correct option is 1.
Step-by-step explanation:
When trying to ascertain if a particle is curving to the right, curving to the left, or traveling straight, it is important to understand the forces acting on the particle. If a particle is moving to the right, a force acting to the left will result in the particle slowing down and potentially changing direction. If a force acts downward on the particle, it might start moving in a downward trajectory as well, depending on other forces involved, like any horizontal forces and resistance from the environment.
In the specific scenario where a negatively charged massive particle is dropped between two plates, the electric field between the plates will act on the particle. The direction of the particle's curve will depend on the orientation of the plates' charge. Similarly, in the example of a ball on a merry-go-round, the Coriolis effect due to the merry-go-round's rotation gives us insight into the resultant path that a ball would follow, which would be a curve responding to the rotational motion.
For a transverse wave moving left to right, the particles in the medium through which the wave is traveling would be moving in a perpendicular direction to the wave's motion, which could be up and down or side to side, depending on the orientation of the wave. Especially on Earth, things like gravity and friction would also impact the motion of particles and objects.