Final answer:
True, strain in the context of stress and emotions includes both physiological and emotional reactions, according to theories like those of James-Lange, Cannon-Bard, Schachter-Singer, and the research into psychophysiological disorders.
Step-by-step explanation:
True, the concept of strain as it applies to stress and emotions indeed encompasses both physiological and emotional reactions. The James-Lange theory, for example, links physiological arousal directly with emotional experiences. However, individuals with spinal injuries, who may have reduced perception of such arousal, still experience emotions, though potentially with less intensity. This suggests that while physiological changes can inform emotional states, they are not the sole determinants. Complementary to this, the Cannon-Bard and Schachter-Singer theories of emotion propose that emotional experiences can happen independently of physiological states or require cognitive appraisal alongside physiological arousal to become fully realized emotions.
Stress is also a mixture of physiological and emotional responses, as outlined by researchers like Hans Selye. His response-based definition of stress shows that any demand, whether pleasant or unpleasant, triggers physiological responses, indicating that the body reacts to both physical and emotional stimuli. Furthermore, conditions such as psychophysiological disorders demonstrate a clear intersection of emotional and physical health, where emotional or psychological stressors can provoke or exacerbate physical symptoms.
Therefore, the final answer is True because strain related to stress and emotions encompasses a range of physiological and emotional responses that can occur in tandem or independently, as seen in the various theories of emotions and the concept of psychophysiological disorders.